“But when he said, ‘Oh, this is a pencil’, how did he know that it was if he didn't recognize it as something?” ‒ ‒ This really comes to saying, “How did he recognize ‘pencil’ as the ◇◇◇ name of this sort of thing?” Well, how did he recognize it? He just reacted in this particular way by saying this word.
10).   Suppose someone shews you colours and asks you to name
80.
them. Pointing to a certain object you say, “This is red”. What would you answer if you were asked, “How do you know that this is red?”?